Human Gene Set: BUDHU_LIVER_CANCER_METASTASIS_UP


Standard name BUDHU_LIVER_CANCER_METASTASIS_UP
Systematic name M10595
Brief description Genes up-regulated in tumor-adjacent liver tissue, which is asociated with intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Full description or abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy mainly due to metastases or postsurgical recurrence. We postulate that metastases are influenced by the liver microenvironment. Here, we show that a unique inflammation/immune response-related signature is associated with noncancerous hepatic tissues from metastatic HCC patients. This signature is principally different from that of the tumor. A global Th1/Th2-like cytokine shift in the venous metastasis-associated liver microenvironment coincides with elevated expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1). Moreover, a refined 17 gene signature was validated as a superior predictor of HCC venous metastases in an independent cohort, when compared to other clinical prognostic parameters. We suggest that a predominant humoral cytokine profile occurs in the metastatic liver milieu and that a shift toward anti-inflammatory/immune-suppressive responses may promote HCC metastases.
Collection ARCHIVED: Archived Founder gene sets that are referenced by current Hallmarks
      C2_NONE: ARCHIVED Curated
            C2_CGP: ARCHIVED Chemical and Genetic Perturbations
Source publication Pubmed 16904609   Authors: Budhu A,Forgues M,Ye QH,Jia HL,He P,Zanetti KA,Kammula US,Chen Y,Qin LX,Tang ZY,Wang XW
Exact source Table 1, Fig.4A
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Source species Homo sapiens
Contributed by Yujin Hoshida (Broad Institute)
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