STANDARD_NAME KEGG_ALLOGRAFT_REJECTION SYSTEMATIC_NAME M18615 COLLECTION C2:CP:KEGG_LEGACY MSIGDB_URL https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/msigdb/human/geneset/KEGG_ALLOGRAFT_REJECTION NAMESPACE Human_NCBI_Gene_ID DESCRIPTION_BRIEF Allograft rejection DESCRIPTION_FULL After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of antigen presentation. In the direct pathway, recipient T cells react to intact allogeneic MHC molecules expressed on the surface of donor cells. This pathway would activate host CD4 or CD8 T cells. In contrast, donor MHC molecules (and all other proteins) shed from the graft can be taken up by host APCs and presented to recipient T cells in the context of self-MHC molecules - the indirect pathway. Such presentation activates predominantly CD4 T cells. A direct cytotoxic T-cell attack on graft cells can be made only by T cells that recognize the graft MHC molecules directly. Nontheless, T cells with indirect allospecificity can contribute to graft rejection by activating macrophages, which cause tissue injury and fibrosis, and are also likely to be important in the development of an alloantibody response to graft. PMID GEOID AUTHORS CONTRIBUTOR KEGG CONTRIBUTOR_ORG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes EXACT_SOURCE hsa05330 FILTERED_BY_SIMILARITY EXTERNAL_NAMES_FOR_SIMILAR_TERMS EXTERNAL_DETAILS_URL http://www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway/hsa/hsa05330.html SOURCE_MEMBERS 3002,3105,3106,3107,3108,3109,3111,3112,3113,3115,3117,3118,3119,3122,3123,3125,3126,3127,3133,3134,3135,3458,355,3558,356,3565,3567,3586,3592,3593,5551,652614,7124,940,941,942,958,959 GENE_SYMBOLS GZMB,HLA-A,HLA-B,HLA-C,HLA-DMA,HLA-DMB,HLA-DOA,HLA-DOB,HLA-DPA1,HLA-DPB1,HLA-DQA1,HLA-DQA2,HLA-DQB1,HLA-DRA,HLA-DRB1,HLA-DRB3,HLA-DRB4,HLA-DRB5,HLA-E,HLA-F,HLA-G,IFNG,FAS,IL2,FASLG,IL4,IL5,IL10,IL12A,IL12B,PRF1,,TNF,CD28,CD80,CD86,CD40,CD40LG FOUNDER_NAMES