STANDARD_NAME	FRIDMAN_SENESCENCE_DN
SYSTEMATIC_NAME	M9487
COLLECTION	C2:CGP
MSIGDB_URL	https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/msigdb/human/geneset/FRIDMAN_SENESCENCE_DN
NAMESPACE	Human_NCBI_Gene_ID
DESCRIPTION_BRIEF	Genes down-regulated in senescent cells.
DESCRIPTION_FULL	Bypassing cellular senescence and becoming immortal is a prerequisite step in the tumorigenic transformation of a cell. It has long been known that loss of a key tumor suppressor gene, such as p53, is necessary, but not sufficient, for spontaneous cellular immortalization. Therefore, there must be additional mutations and/or epigenetic alterations required for immortalization to occur. Early work on these processes included somatic cell genetic studies to estimate the number of senescence genes, and microcell-mediated transfer of chromosomes into immortalized cells to identify putative senescence-inducing genetic loci. These principal studies laid the foundation for the field of senescence/immortalization, but were labor intensive and the results were somewhat limited. The advent of gene expression profiling and bioinformatics analysis greatly facilitated the identification of genes and pathways that regulate cellular senescence/immortalization. In this review, we present the findings of several gene expression profiling studies and supporting functional data, where available. We identified universal genes regulating senescence/immortalization and found that the key regulator genes represented six pathways: the cell cycle pRB/p53, cytoskeletal, interferon-related, insulin growth factor-related, MAP kinase and oxidative stress pathway. The identification of the genes and pathways regulating senescence/immortalization could provide novel molecular targets for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer.
PMID	18711403
GEOID	
AUTHORS	Fridman AL,Tainsky MA
CONTRIBUTOR	Jessica Robertson
CONTRIBUTOR_ORG	MSigDB Team
EXACT_SOURCE	Table 2S: senescent cells
FILTERED_BY_SIMILARITY	
EXTERNAL_NAMES_FOR_SIMILAR_TERMS	
EXTERNAL_DETAILS_URL	
SOURCE_MEMBERS	1281,137529,1874,1958,216,284217,3397,4082,648,8840,891,9079,994
GENE_SYMBOLS	COL3A1,CKS1BP7,E2F4,EGR1,ALDH1A1,LAMA1,ID1,MARCKS,BMI1,CCN4,CCNB1,LDB2,CDC25B
FOUNDER_NAMES