STANDARD_NAME	KEGG_GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN_BIOSYNTHESIS_CHONDROITIN_SULFATE
SYSTEMATIC_NAME	M19166
COLLECTION	C2:CP:KEGG_LEGACY
MSIGDB_URL	https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/msigdb/human/geneset/KEGG_GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN_BIOSYNTHESIS_CHONDROITIN_SULFATE
NAMESPACE	Human_NCBI_Gene_ID
DESCRIPTION_BRIEF	Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfate
DESCRIPTION_FULL	Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear polysaccharide chains consisting of repeating disaccharide units and form proteglycans by covalently attaching to their core proteins. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a glycosaminoglycan with the disaccharide unit GalNAc(b1-4)GlcA(b1-3), modified with ester-linked sulfate at certain positions. Dermatan sulfate (DS) is a modified form of CS, in which a portion of D-glucuronate residues is epimerized to L-iduronates. CS and DS are linked to serine residues in core proteins via a linkage tetrasaccharide formed by the transfer of xylose and three more residues. The assembly process of CS is initiated by the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine to the linkage tetrasaccharide. The polymerization step is catalyzed by bifunctional enzymes (chondroitin synthases) that have both b13 glucuronosyltransferase and b14 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activities. Chondroitin polymerization also requires the action of the chondroitin polymerizing factor. Sulfation of chondroitin in vertebrates is a complex process, with multiple sulfotransferases involved in 4-O sulfation and 6-O sulfation of N-acetylgalactosamine residues. Additional enzymes exist for epimerization of glucuronic acid to iduronic acid in DS, sulfation at the C-2 position of the uronic acids, and other patterns of sulfation found in unusual species of chondroitin.
PMID	
GEOID	
AUTHORS	
CONTRIBUTOR	KEGG
CONTRIBUTOR_ORG	Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
EXACT_SOURCE	hsa00532
FILTERED_BY_SIMILARITY	
EXTERNAL_NAMES_FOR_SIMILAR_TERMS	
EXTERNAL_DETAILS_URL	http://www.genome.jp/pathway/hsa00532
SOURCE_MEMBERS	10090,11285,113189,126792,135152,166012,22856,26229,27087,29940,337876,50515,51363,54480,55454,55501,55790,56548,64131,64132,79586,9469
GENE_SYMBOLS	UST,B4GALT7,CHST14,B3GALT6,B3GAT2,CHST13,CHSY1,B3GAT3,B3GAT1,DSE,CHSY3,CHST11,CHST15,CHPF2,CSGALNACT2,CHST12,CSGALNACT1,CHST7,XYLT1,XYLT2,CHPF,CHST3
FOUNDER_NAMES