Human Gene Set: BIOCARTA_TOB1_PATHWAY

For the Mouse gene set with the same name, see BIOCARTA_TOB1_PATHWAY

Standard name BIOCARTA_TOB1_PATHWAY
Systematic name M18215
Brief description Role of Tob in T-cell activation
Full description or abstract Regulation of T cell activation is a crucial component of balanced functioning of the immune system. If the T cell response is too great and activation of self-responsive cells or unstimulated cells is not suppressed, then autoimmune disorders or tissue injury can result. Unstimulated T cells are maintained in a quiescent state and the activity of self-reactive T cells is maintained in an anergic state in which IL-2 expression is repressed. IL-2 is a cytokine with a key role in the activation and proliferation of T cells. The maintenance of T cells in the anergic or unstimulated state may not involve just an absence of activation, but an active repression of IL-2 expression, T cell proliferation and activation. TGF beta may play a role in suppressing T cell activation. Tob is a factor identified recently that represses T cell activation that is a member of a family of genes with anti-proliferative properties. Tob expression is highest in unstimulated and anergic T cells, and is reduced in activated T cells. Tob interacts with the TGF activated transcription factors SMAD2 and SMAD4, increasing their binding to the IL-2 promoter, and helping to repress IL-2 expression. This role of Tob suggests that interference in Tobs function may lead to autoimmune disease.
Collection C2: Curated
      CP: Canonical Pathways
            CP:BIOCARTA: BioCarta Pathways
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External links https://data.broadinstitute.org/gsea-msigdb/msigdb/biocarta/human/h_tob1Pathway.gif
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Source species Homo sapiens
Contributed by BioCarta
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identifier namespace		 HUMAN_SEQ_ACCESSION
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Version history 7.0: Changed members. Upgraded to final version of Biocarta.

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