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     See license terms at www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/license_terms_list. Please note that certain gene sets have special access terms.
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<MSIGDB BUILD_DATE="Jan 29, 2026" VERSION="2026.1.Mm" NAME="export">
    <GENESET STANDARD_NAME="LIN_TUMOR_ESCAPE_FROM_IMMUNE_ATTACK" SYSTEMATIC_NAME="MM766" HISTORICAL_NAMES="" PMID="17308126" AUTHORS="Lin KY,Lu D,Hung CF,Peng S,Huang L,Jie C,Murillo F,Rowley J,Tsai YC,He L,Kim DJ,Jaffee E,Pardoll D,Wu TC" GEOID="GSE2774" EXACT_SOURCE="Fig. 1D" GENESET_LISTING_URL="" EXTERNAL_DETAILS_URL="" CHIP="MOUSE_SEQ_ACCESSION" CONTRIBUTOR="Jessica Robertson" CONTRIBUTOR_ORG="MSigDB Team" DESCRIPTION_BRIEF="Genes up-regulated in highly immune-resistant cancer cell line developed from a susceptible cancer using an in vivo selection strategy." DESCRIPTION_FULL="Immune escape is an important reason why the immune system cannot control tumor growth, but how escape variants emerge during immunotherapy remains poorly understood. Here, we identify a new mechanism of tumor immune escape using an in vivo selection strategy. We generated a highly immune-resistant cancer cell line (P3) by subjecting a susceptible cancer cell line (P0/TC-1) to multiple rounds of in vivo immune selection. Microarray analysis of P0 and P3 revealed that vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is up-regulated in the P3-resistant variant. Retroviral transfer of VCAM-1 into P0 significantly increased its resistance against a vaccine-induced immune response. Analysis of tumors showed a dramatic decrease in the number of tumor-infiltrating cluster of differentiation 8(+) (CD8(+)) T cells in the tumors expressing VCAM-1. In vitro transwell migration assays showed that VCAM-1 can promote the migration of CD8(+) T cells through its interaction with the alpha(4)beta(1) integrin. Site-directed mutagenesis of VCAM-1 at amino acid residues required for interaction with alpha(4)beta(1) integrin completely abolished the immune resistance conferred by VCAM-1 in vivo. Surface staining showed that most renal cell carcinomas (RCC) express VCAM-1, whereas an RCC that responded to vaccination was VCAM-1 negative. These data provide evidence that tumor expression of VCAM-1 represents a new mechanism of immune evasion and has important implications for the development of immunotherapy for human RCC." TAGS="" MEMBERS="AA472735,AK005158,AK009098,AK014353,AK015397,AV359819,BB075339,BB126999,BB250384,BB332449,BB662927,BC005560,BC015254,BG084683,BQ176723,L20048,NM_008127,NM_008726,NM_011619,NM_018784,NM_019564,NM_134066,U94828,X75557" MEMBERS_SYMBOLIZED="4930447C04Rik,Ackr3,Akr1c18,Chd7,Dynap,Gjb4,Gpr149,Htra1,Il2rg,Jag1,Khdrbs3,Mmd,Nppb,Nrp2,Pla2g7,Prl2c2,Rgs16,St3gal6,Tnnt2,Vcam1,Xlr" MEMBERS_EZID="105349,12778,13992,14621,16186,16449,18158,18187,18811,19734,21956,22329,22441,229357,27226,320790,54613,56213,67468,75577,75801" MEMBERS_MAPPING="AA472735,Mmd,67468|AK005158,Pla2g7,27226|AK009098,Dynap,75577|AK014353,Khdrbs3,13992|AK015397,4930447C04Rik,75801|AV359819,Jag1,16449|BB075339,Gpr149,229357|BB126999,Gpr149,229357|BB250384,Vcam1,22329|BB332449,null,null|BB662927,null,null|BC005560,Xlr,22441|BC015254,Ackr3,12778|BG084683,Chd7,320790|BQ176723,Nrp2,18187|L20048,Il2rg,16186|NM_008127,Gjb4,14621|NM_008726,Nppb,18158|NM_011619,Tnnt2,21956|NM_018784,St3gal6,54613|NM_019564,Htra1,56213|NM_134066,Akr1c18,105349|U94828,Rgs16,19734|X75557,Prl2c2,18811" FILTERED_BY_SIMILARITY="" FOUNDER_NAMES="" REFINEMENT_DATASETS="" VALIDATION_DATASETS="" CATEGORY_CODE="M2" ORGANISM="Mus musculus" SUB_CATEGORY_CODE="CGP"/>
</MSIGDB>
