spinal bifida in which a hernial cyst containing meninges (meningocele), spinal cord (myelocele), or both (myelomeningocele) protrudes through a congenital cleft in the vertebral column; the protruding sac is encased in a layer of skin or a fine membrane that readily ruptures, causing leakage of cerebrospinal fluid and an increased risk of meningeal infection
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